1. Choose the correct statement regarding the definition of Ecology:
a. Study of living and non-living beings
b. Study of insects and their relationship to humans
c. Study of everything that makes up the planet
d. Study of relationship between organism and their environments
Answer: d. Study of relationship between organism and their environments
2. All the populations within an ecosystem are known as…?
a. Species
b. Community
c. Ecosystem
d. Biosphere
Answer: b. Community
3. Major types of ecosystems that occupy broad geographical regions are known as…?
a. Biosphere
b. Population
c. Community
d. Biome
Answer: d. Biome
4. What is defined as the role a species plays in the ecosystem?
a. Behaviour
b. Ecology
c. Niche
d. Biome
Answer: c. Niche
5. When you are studying a single population’s relationship to its environment, it is known as…?
a. Synecology
b. Autecology
c. Biotechnology
d. Mycology
Answer: b. Autecology
6. Series of steps of eating and being eaten of organisms is known as…?
a. Food web
b. Food chain
c. Succession
d. Predating
Answer: b. Food chain
7. Which is the term used for an association between two organisms that brings benefit to both?
a. Succession
b. Mutualism
c. Commensalism
d. Assimilation
Answer: b. Mutualism
Recommended: Ecology Online Practice Test
8. Which relationship is present between roots of plants growing in acid soil and fungi?
a. Root nodules
b. Commensalism
c. Mycorrhiza
d. Mutualism
Answer: c. Mycorrhiza
9. The relationship in which one organism is benefited and the other is not affected at all?
a. Symbiosis
b. Mutualism
c. Commensalism
d. Predation
Answer: c. Commensalism
10. Primary succession starting in a pond is known as…?
a. Hydrosere
b. Xerosere
c. Foliage
d. Moss
Answer: a. Hydrosere
11. The natural place of an organism or community where an organism lives is known as…?
a. Habitat
b. Niche
c. Biome
d. Habit
Answer: a. Habitat
12. Which of the following is the renewable exhaustible natural energy resource?
a. Coal
b. Biomass
c. Petroleum
d. Kerosene
Answer: b. Biomass
13. According to Shelford’s Law of Tolerance; the organisms’ wide environmental factor tolerance limit show…?
a. Narrow distribution with low population size
b. Wide distribution with high population size
c. Narrow distribution with high population size
d. Wide distribution with low population size
Answer: b. Wide distribution with high population size
14. Plants growing well under direct sunlight are known as…?
a. Sciophytes
b. Psamophytes
c. Heliophytes
d. Dicots
Answer: c. Heliophytes
15. Plants growing under the shade of other plants are known as…?
a. Sciophytes
b. Psamophytes
c. Heliophytes
d. Monocots
Answer: a. Sciophytes
16. An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango tree is an example of…?
a. Predator
b. Mutualism
c. Commensalism
d. Parasitism
Answer: c. Commensalism
17. The process of vernalization is…?
a. Anaerobic
b. Unaffected by aerobic or anaerobic conditions
c. Aerobic
d. Dependent upon starvation conditions
Answer: c. Aerobic
18. Which of the following receives the maximum energy?
a. Decomposers
b. Producers
c. Primary consumers
d. Secondary consumers
Answer: b. Producers
19. The zone located under the thermocline bottom where production is less than respiration in a pond ecosystem is known as?
a. Tidal zone
b. Profundal zone
c. Benthic zone
d. Limnetic zone
Answer: b. Profundal zone
20. Which of the following is not the characteristic of R-selected species?
a. High reproductive rate
b. Parental care
c. Short lifespan
d. High mortality of offspring
Answer: b. Parental care
21. Which of the following is not the characteristic of the population??
a. Natality
b. Mortality
c. Phenotype
d. Death rate
Answer: c. Phenotype
22. Choose the correct statement about the Lincoln index:
a. Measures population natality rate
b. Measures population mortality rate
c. Measures population density
d. Measures population sizes
Answer: d. Measures population sizes
23. The ratio between energy flows measured at different points in a food chain is known as…?
a. Ecological capacity
b. Ecological efficiency
c. Ecological assimilation
d. Ecological potential
Answer: b. Ecological efficiency
24. The ability of a population of living species to increase under ideal environmental conditions is known as…?
a. Population potential
b. Carrying capacity
c. Biotic potential
d. Absolute natality
Answer: c. Biotic potential
25. The trait responsible for the ability of the plants to grow under different climatic conditions is known as…?
a. Population potential
b. Higher yield
c. Biotic potential
d. Wide adaptability
Answer: d. Wide adaptability
26. Choose the correct order of flow of energy:
a. Plants–> tigers–> microbes–> goats
b. Plants–> goats–> tigers–> microbes
c. Tiger–> plants–> microbes–> goats
d. Microbes–> tigers–> goats–> plants
Answer: b. Plants–> goats–> tigers–> microbes
27. On the basis of vertical changes in temperature; freshwater media is divided into three strata. Choose the correct sequence of the three strata:
a. Epilimnion → thermocline → hypolimnion
b. Hypolimnion→epilimnion → thermocline
c. Thermocline → hypolimnion → epilimnion
d. Epilimnion → hypolimnion → thermocline
Answer: a. Epilimnion → thermocline → hypolimnion
28. Choose the correct example of non-denitrifying bacteria:
a. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
b. Thiobacillus
c. Thiobacillus denitrificans
d. Bacillus ramosus
Answer: d. Bacillus ramosus
29. All species of Lemur are endemic to which place in the world?
a. Seychelles Island
b. Galapagos Island
c. New Caledonia
d. Madagascar
Answer: d. Madagascar
30. The wide variety of living organisms around us is known as…?
a. Population
b. Biome
c. Habitat
d. Biodiversity
Answer: d. Biodiversity
31. Choose the incorrectly matched pair from the following?
a. Tundra ↔ Permafrost
b. Savanna ↔ Acacia trees
c. Prairie ↔ Epiphytes
d. Coniferous forest ↔ Evergreen trees
Answer: c. Prairie ↔ Epiphytes
32. In an area where DDT had been used extensively, the population of birds declined because…?
a. The birds stopped laying eggs
b. The snakes ate the eggs
c. The eggs laid by the birds did not hatch
d. The DDT spray killed all the birds
Answer: c. The eggs laid by the birds did not hatch
33. Phytoplanktons are dominant in which of the following lake zone?
a. Littoral zone
b. Benthic zone
c. Profundal zone
d. Limnetic zone
Answer: d. Limnetic zone
34. Plant species having a wide range of genetic distribution evolve into a local population known as…?
a. Biome
b. Ecosystem
c. Population
d. Ecotype
Answer: d. Ecotype
35. dB is a standard abbreviation used for the quantitative expression of…?
a. The density of bacteria in a medium
b. A Particular Pollutant
c. Dominant Bacillus in a culture
d. A certain pesticide
Answer: b. A Particular Pollutant
36. Shell of a bird’s egg becomes thin due to the pollution of pesticides. This is due to interference in the activity of…?
a. Calmodulin
b. Ca ATPase
c. Mg ATPase
d. Calcium
Answer: b. Ca ATPase
37. In the nitrogen cycle; the term denitrification means…?
a. The conversion of ammonia into nitrogen
b. The conversion of nitrogen into ammonia.
c. The conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas.
d. The conversion of nitrogen gas into nitrates
Answer: c. The conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas.
38. The percentage of energy that is passed from one organism to the next in a food chain is…?
a. 10%
b. 5%
c. 100%
d. 50%
Answer: a. 10%
39. Mushrooms and other fungi are responsible for breaking apart dead organisms into simpler inorganic materials, making nutrients available to primary producers; they are known as…?
a. Producers
b. Consumers
c. Scavengers
d. Decomposers
Answer: d. Decomposers
40. Homeostasis allows organisms to do all the following EXCEPT:
a. Control their temperature
b. Control their amount of water
c. Maintain cell functions
d. Maintain their personality
Answer: d. Maintain their personality
